Summary:The practice of China’s national matriculation currently in effective has proved to be the bottleneck for progress of quality education in full range. Following an in-depth analysis of the matriculation system’s history as well as the factors giving birth to the examination-oriented education, an objective of system reform is hereinafter presented adhering to principles of bilateral selection and equity. The test along with its form have to be addressed in the reform, to be specific, written test shall focus on capabilities covering basic subjects as compulsory and specialized subjects as optional, while the test may be given by stages similar to the national self-taught examination. The achievement of optional subjects shall remain effective within 1 year. The candidates’ involvement and performance in social practices & volunteering activities organized by Ministry of Education and National Communist Youth League shall be inspected regularly and recorded under categories of merits, specialties and creativity. The inspection results and written examination achievements shall all be inputted to database of a national examination web site to which every spring and summer in a year colleges and universities shall access to enroll the candidates meanwhile given full consideration to candidates’ individual selections of schools. The establishment of candidates’ inspection system reflecting moral & legal governance shall become one of the effective measures in line with the strategy of science and education to prosper nation by promoting overall developments of adolescents and quality education.